Services (new concept introduced in R12) define the set of processes that will be started on each application node. These services can be activated or deactivated on a specific application tier/node.

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Type of Application Services
Application tier processes are broadly classified in to five type of Services

i) Root Service  - Oracle Process Manager and Notification (OPMN) is part of Oracle Application Server 10G R2/R3. OPMN is used for inter process communication (between OC4J, HTTP Server), death detection and start/stop of Services for 10g R3.

ii) Web Entry Point Services - HTTP Server is part of Oracle Application Server 10G R3 and built on Apache (aka Oracle Apache. All web request to R12 first hit HTTP Server.

iii) Web Application Services - OACORE OC4J, Forms OC4J, OAFM OC4J - These are set of 3 OC4J (Oracle Container for J2EE) to run application.

iv) Batch Processing Services - This set of service consist of Apps Listener (FNDFS & FNDSM), Concurrent Manager, Fulfillment Server and Interaction Server 

v) Other Services - Oracle Forms Service, Forms Metric Client/Server and Mobile Web Application (MWA) Service

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Process       —>   Services –> Startup Script –> Context parameter

a) Oracle Process Manager -  Root Service  - adopmnctl.sh- s_root_status, s_opmnstatus
b) Oracle HTTP Server  - Web Entry Point Service - adapcctl.sh- s_web_entry_status, s_oacorestatus
c) OACORE OC4J - Web Application Services - adoacorectl.sh- s_web_applications_status s_oacorectrl
d) FORMS OC4J - Web Application Services - adformsctl.sh- s_web_applications_status, s_formsstatus
e) OAFM OC4J - Web Application Services - adoafmctl.sh- s_web_applications_status, s_oafmstatus
f) Concurrent Manager -   Batch Processing Service - adcmctl.sh- s_batch_status, s_concstatus
g) Apps Listener -  Batch Processing Service - adalnctl.sh- s_batch_status, s_tnsstatus
h) Interaction Center (ICSM) -  Batch Processing Service - ieoicsm.sh- s_batch_status, s_icsmctrl
i) Fulfillment Server -  Batch Processing Service - jtffmctl.sh- s_batch_status, s_jtffsstatus
j) Forms Server -   Other Service - adformsrvctl.sh- s_other_service_group_status , s_formsserver_status
k) Metric Client -   Other Service - adfmcctl.sh- s_other_service_group_status , s_metcstatus
l) Metric Server -   Other Service - adfmsctl.sh- s_other_service_group_status , s_metsstatus
m) Mobile Web Application (MWA) -   Other Service - mwactlwrpr.sh- s_other_service_group_status , s_mwastatus

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Key points to note

1) When you select Root services, Web Services are automatically selected i.e. First three Services Root, Web Entry Point and Web Application Services can only be enabled or disabled together.
          If you want Web Entry Point Services, Web Application Services, and Root Services to be installed on different nodes then use autoconfig after installation.

2. In R12 with introduction of Services there is NO concept of Forms node or Web Node.

3. With default installation all services Root, Web Entry Point, Web Application Services, Batch Processing and Other services are enabled.

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References 

• 406558.1 Configuring Applications Node Services in Oracle Applications Release 12 (Metalink Note)
• Chapter 2, Page 59-61 of R12 Installation Guide 

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